DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The "China Intelligent Vehicle E/E Architecture Research Report, 2022" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.
Key technologies of next-generation electronic and electrical architectures (EEA)
The definition of next-generation E/E architectures involves: high computing power HPC for vehicle-cloud architecture integration; high-bandwidth, high-speed backbone network for inter-domain cooperative computing; service-oriented architecture (SOA) that enables software and hardware decoupling, generalized software/hardware architecture and standardized interfaces; complete development tool chain that uses the V-model development process; support for L4 advanced driving assistance; intelligent low-voltage power supply architecture.
For the development of next-generation E/E architectures, we have summarized 14 key technologies. The following lists and analyzes the progress in some key technologies:
Key technologies of EEA: complete development tool chain, advanced architecture standards, and V-model-based EEA development process.
Currently there is no global automotive EEA standard. ISO 26262 Road Vehicles-Functional Safety, ISO/SAE 21434 Road Vehicles-Cybersecurity Engineering, and GB/T 34590 Road Vehicles-Functional Safety among others provide a reference for design and optimization of automotive EEAs.
In China, in April 2021 Automotive Electronic and Electrical Architecture Working Group was reviewed and established at the second council of the third session of China Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance for Electric Vehicle. At present, experts from over 35 companies including OEMs, architecture solution providers, software firms, communication companies, and testing tools and services providers have participated.
In China, the formulation of automotive EEA standards forges ahead very rapidly. There have been several group or organization standards filed or released, including:
- Data Distribution Service (DDS) Test Methods for Intelligent Connected Vehicles
- Technical Requirements for Security of Automotive Ethernet Switch Equipment
- Technical Requirements for Vehicle Time Sensitive Network Middleware
- Software-Defined Vehicle Service API Reference Specification 2.0
- 11 Group Standards in SparkLink Release 1.0
- Technical Requirements and Test Methods for Vehicle Dedicated Short-distance Wireless Transmission System
Key technologies of EEA: computing power tends to be centralized and cluster in cloud, enabling vehicle-cloud architecture integration.
Vehicles are heading in the direction of brain-inspired intelligence + central nerves + terminal nerves. At present, semiconductor vendors inside and outside China are developing and designing vehicle computing center chips with strong computing power for intelligent vehicles. These chips use multi-core parallel CPUs, GPUs for graphics and image processing, and AI computing accelerators. A typical example is NVIDIA ORIN which boasts multi-task parallel computing capabilities for powering cockpits, autonomous driving, AI and more.
In the future, as vehicle high-speed network and 5G technologies mature, vehicles will eventually tend to be based on central computers and centralized EEA, and evolve towards cooperative vehicle-cloud control; and computing power will be centralized and cluster in cloud to avoid the unlimited expansion of computing power of vehicle terminals.
Key technologies of EEA: CP+AP AUTOSAR, SOA software, generalized software/hardware architecture and interface standards.
Vehicle software architectures evolve towards CP+AP AUTOSAR hybrid software architecture. CP AUTOSAR is oriented to the vehicle control domain that requires high reliability and high real-time performance. AP AUTOSAR targets intelligent driving and entertainment domains that need parallel processing of massive data. It also allows standardized design according to functional characteristics of interfaces, and integrates interface designs to build a general interface platform.
With SOA software, automakers enable open ecosystems for development of application services (interfaces are open to the outside), differentiation of scene function development (combination and splicing of any sub-service), and rapid iteration of single scene-based functions (only requiring the reconfiguration of sub-services). In the X-EEA 3.0 architecture of Xpeng Motors, SOA software is primarily applied to cockpit platforms.
Key technologies of EEA: cross-domain communication protocols (SOME/IP and DDS), Gigabit Ethernet backbone network + TSN + Switch, and high-bandwidth/high-speed communication network, combine to achieve inter-domain high-speed communication and cooperative computing.
Body networks need to meet the performance requirements for the sheer volume of data, high-speed transmission, low latency and high real-time performance. Backbone networks have been Ethernet + CAN-FD high-speed networks, providing the foundation for the cross-domain communication protocol SOME/IP + DDS. The mainstream communication middleware SOME/IP and DDS have their own advantages.
As well as communication middleware, vehicle cloud platforms currently prefer to use MQTT, a communication protocol that allows devices to easily and flexibly connect to IoT cloud services, such as real-time online vehicle data analysis and monitoring, OTA, HD map applications, vehicle big data, and Al analysis.
Key technologies of EEA: vehicle dedicated short-range wireless communication.
In China, SparkLink Alliance was founded in September 2020. Following the launch of SparkLink Release 1.0 in late 2021, the Alliance introduced test instruments and also started the filing of SparkLink Release 2.0 2022H1. Several chip members in the organization have created specific chip-based road signs and plan to launch commercial chips in 2022H2. Based on commercial chips, bellwethers in major industries have formulated development plans for commercial terminals which are projected to come out in 2023.
"SparkLink" short-range wireless communication technology is often used in: immersive vehicle sound zone and noise reduction, wireless interactive mirroring, in-vehicle wireless ambient lighting, 360-degree panoramic surround view, and wireless BMS (battery management system).
Cadillac LYRIQ is the world's first one to introduce the wireless battery management system (wBMS), a disruptive technology which reduces 90% battery pack wiring harnesses, and corresponding connectors and plug-ins, fundamentally avoiding the problem of wiring harness aging. Meanwhile, the internal space saved by fewer battery pack wiring harnesses enables more flexible layout and configuration and accommodates more chips to increase the cruising range.
Cadillac uses the wireless battery management system (wBMS) solutions from Analog Devices, Inc. (ADI). OEMs are stepping up their pace of evolving EEA
Key Topics Covered:
1 Key Technologies of Automotive E/E Architecture Updates
1.1 Evolution of Automotive E/E Architecture
1.2 Architecture Standardization
1.3 Complete Development Process
1.4 Supercomputing Chip and Vehicle-Cloud Integration Computing
1.5 AP AUTOSAR & SOA Software
1.6 Communication Architecture (SOME/IP&DDS)
1.7 Communication Architecture (Wireless Short-range Communication Technology)
1.8 Communication Architecture
1.9 Communication Architecture (High-speed Gateway)
1.10 Automotive OS, Microkernel and Hypervisor
1.11 Security Technology
1.12 Tool Chain
1.13 Zonal Controller
1.14 Power Architecture (Redundancy Strategy)
1.15 Power Architecture (Low-voltage Intelligent Distribution Network)
2 E/E Architecture Revolution for OEMs and Tier1s
2.1 Business Model Revolution between OEMs and Tier1 Suppliers under New E/E Architecture
2.2 Reference Architecture of E/E Architecture Evolution
2.3 E/E Architecture Comparison of OEMs
2.3.7 OEMs Will Focus on Domain Hybrid before 2025
3 E/E Architecture of Emerging Automakers
3.1 Tesla
3.2 Xpeng
3.3 NIO
3.4 Li Auto
3.5 Human Horizons
3.6 ENOVATE
3.7 JIDU
3.8 Neta
4 E/E Architecture of Independent Brands
4.1 Geely
4.2 Great Wall Motor
4.3 GAC
4.4 BYD
4.5 SAIC
4.6 Changan
4.7 FAW Hongqi
4.8 Higer
5 E/E Architecture of Foreign Brands
5.1 Volkswagen
5.2 BMW
5.3 Mercedes-Benz
5.4 Toyota
5.5 General Motors
5.6 Volvo
5.7 Nissan
5.8 Stellantis
For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/6j6mae
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